leeshumei的部落格

轉自蘋果派生活英語

●Reading閱讀英文

American football and rugby, which both have their origins in forms of football played in 19th century England, have plenty in common. For instance, both have players running around with an 1)oblong ball trying to 2)score before they’re tackled by a member of the 3)opposing team. And both games are dangerous, full-contact sports, 4)featuring bone-jarring blocks and frequent injuries.There are, however, a number of key differences between these two popular sports.
For one thing, the terminology in rugby and football is different. The former is played on a pitch, while the latter takes place on a field, or gridiron. In rugby, when a player runs the ball in for a score, it’s called a try, and is worth five points. A similar score in football is called a touchdown, and counts for six points.

●中譯

美式足球和橄欖球，皆起源於十九世紀的英式足球，兩者有許多共通點。比如說，球員都拿著橢圓形的球到處跑，試著在被敵隊選手擒抱撂倒之前得分。兩種球賽也都屬高危險性、肢體接觸頻繁的運動，攔阻時傷筋動骨不足為奇，受傷可說是家常便飯。然而，這兩種廣受歡迎的運動仍有一些明顯不同之處。
首先，橄欖球和美式足球的術語不同。前者的球場稱為 pitch，後者則稱作 field 或gridiron。在橄欖球賽中，球員持球進攻得分稱為 try（持球觸地），可得五分；美式足球的類似得分則稱作 touchdown（達陣），可獲六分。

英檢字彙 Vocabulary Bank

1)oblong (a.) 橢圓形的，長方形的
The sports car has oblong headlights.
2)score (v./n.) 得分；分數
The team scored a spectacular goal in the second half of the game.
3)opposing (a.) 敵對的，對立的
The two candidates hold opposing views on abortion.
4)feature (v.) 以…為特色，有…
The dinner menu features seafood and pasta dishes.

英語通 Language Guide

later 和 latter 的差別
●later（形容詞）後來的；（副詞）之後，後來
A later report gives more specific examples.
後來的一份報告提出更明確的例證。
●latter (名詞）後者（前面要加 the）
If we compare Picture A and Picture B, we can see that the former is slightly darker, and the latter seems to have been taken from farther away.
若比較 A 圖和 B圖，我們可以看出前者略暗，而後者似乎是從較遠處拍攝的。

轉自蘋果派生活英語

●Reading閱讀英文

Another key difference between football and rugby is the 1)specialization of players in the American game. The 40-plus players on NFL and college football teams—only 11 players are on the field at any 2)given time—are divided into offense (quarterback, running backs, receivers, etc.), defense (linebackers, defensive tackles,safeties, etc.) and special teams (kickers, holders, etc.). In rugby, on the other hand, the 13-15 players (props, locks, wingers, etc.) remain on the pitch at all times, playing both offense and defense.
Watching both of these sports, it quickly becomes clear that rugby is a more 3)fluid game, while football has quick bursts of action followed by 30 seconds or so of 4)downtime.

●中譯

美式足球和橄欖球還有另一項重大差異：美式足球的球員專業分工。職業美式足球聯盟和大學足球隊的四十多名選手──球賽進行間場上只有十一人──分成進攻組（四分衛、跑鋒、接球員等）、防守組（線衛、截鋒、中衛等）和特別組（踢球員、扶球員等）。反過來說，在橄欖球賽，同一批十三到十五名選手（包括前排前鋒、中排、翼衛等）始終待在場上，包辦攻守。
觀看這兩種運動時，你很快就會發現，橄欖球是比較流暢的比賽，而美式足球在每一次迅雷不及掩耳的爆發動作之後，會有大約三十秒的停機時間。

英檢字彙 Vocabulary Bank

1)specialization (n.) 專門（化），專業（化）
Keith majored in business administration with a specialization in marketing.
2)given (a.) 特定的
Loans must be repaid within a given period of time.
3)fluid (a./n.) 流暢的，流動的；流體，液體
The judges were impressed by the dancer!|s graceful, fluid movements.
4)downtime (n.) 停工、休息時間。亦作down time
Flight attendants have lots of downtime between flights.

英語通 Language Guide

specialty 和 specialization 的差別
●specialty（名詞）專長，特色
Grilled lamb is one of the chef’s specialties.烤羊肉是這位主廚的拿手菜之一。
●specialization（名詞）特殊目的或功能，專精（的狀態、事實、學科領域），專門化
The doctor has a specialization in plastic surgery.這醫師的專長是整型外科。